Sputum for Cytology Test in Kathmandu

About this test

When a person coughs up phlegm, that material carries cells shed from the lining of the airways and lungs — and under the microscope a pathologist can examine those cells for anything abnormal. Sputum cytology is the study of this coughed-up specimen, looking for malignant or pre-malignant cells, unusual inflammatory patterns, and clues to what is irritating the respiratory tract. Its best-known use is as a non-invasive first step in investigating possible lung cancer, particularly the central tumours that line the larger airways, where shed cancer cells are most likely to appear in sputum. A doctor typically orders it when a patient has a persistent cough lasting more than a few weeks, blood-streaked sputum (haemoptysis), unexplained weight loss, or a worrying shadow seen on a chest X-ray or CT scan — especially in long-term smokers. The same specimen can also reveal heavy inflammation, eosinophils that point toward asthma or allergy, and the cellular changes of chronic bronchitis. In Nepal, where chronic respiratory symptoms are extremely common because of high smoking rates, indoor biomass-cooking smoke and Kathmandu's seasonal air pollution, sputum testing is a practical early tool that needs no needle or scope. Results are interpreted alongside imaging, clinical history and, where cancer is suspected, confirmatory tests such as bronchoscopy or biopsy. A negative cytology result does not fully rule out disease, since not every tumour sheds cells into sputum, so persistent or high-risk cases are usually pursued further regardless of a clear report.

Sample type

Sputum (deep cough specimen)

Preparation

No fasting needed. Collect first thing in the morning before eating, brushing your teeth or using mouthwash. Rinse your mouth with plain water, then take a few deep breaths and cough up phlegm from deep in the chest — saliva or nasal mucus is not enough. Bring the sample to the lab quickly, ideally within an hour.

Turnaround time

Reports for Sputum for Cytology are typically ready within: Same Day. Reports can be collected at the clinic during opening hours or shared via WhatsApp once they are ready.

Also known as

Other pathology tests we run

These are routinely ordered alongside Sputum for Cytology or as part of the same diagnostic workup.

How to book

WhatsApp is the fastest way — message us with the test name and your preferred time, and we'll confirm a slot the same day. You can also walk into the clinic at Rumba Chowk, Sanobharang any day between 7AM and 8PM, or fill in our online booking form.